Wireless power, charging technology may unplug Apple's iPhone

The patented technology isn't entirely new; many household devices from the Philips Sonicare toothbrush to the Amway eSpring water purifier already use inductive coupling to recharge their batteries or supply direct power without any metal-on-metal contact.

What is new is the idea of setting an industry standard for wireless recharging, a concept that Fulton Innovations calls eCoupled Technology. The company compares the concept with standardized wireless networking, which has been codified under the WiFi brand to allow different hardware makers to develop interoperable devices.

With its eCoupled Technology, which racked up 20 new patents granted in 2007, multiple devices could use the same recharging station, cleaning up the mess of different cables and power adapters used by different mobile phones, MP3 players, power tools, and other devices.

Inductive coupling bridges the gap between the recharging station and a device placed on it using a magnetic field that transfers power between coils in each. Most recharging stations, such as those used by the iPod and iPhone, have direct metal contacts to transfer electrical power to their internal batteries.

The advantage to eCoupled Technology is simplicity and interoperability. The drawback is that it's less efficient and only supplies electrical power. Apple's Dock connector cables not only deliver electrical power, but also transmit audio and video output and synchronize data and media files using standard USB signals.

The technology to wirelessly synchronize and output digital data over WiFi isn't quite practical yet. As noted in the article Exploring Time Capsule: theoretical speed vs practical throughput, 802.11b/g WiFi transmits data around 3 MB/sec in ideal conditions, while USB can sync over a wire at least ten times faster, at 30MB/sec or greater.

Nonstop wireless data transmissions such as a synchronizing large media files also tax the batteries of mobile devices. Paired with the slower wireless recharging of inductive coupling, the idea of living entirely without wires still appears to be a few years out.

However, eCoupling should make progress as WiFi and battery technologies also improve. For other devices without any need data synchronization, the new technology offers a more immediate potential to greatly simplify the number of unique battery chargers consumers will need to recharge their various wireless tools and other devices.

Additionally, the inclusion of eCoupling technology in mobile devices could open up the potential for wireless public recharging stations, even for devices that also use wired connections like Apple's Dock connector-equipped mobile devices.

Adding support for inductive charging is relatively low, Dave Baarman, Fulton's director of advanced technologies, recently told the The Grand Rapids Press. It only requires a charging coil about the size of a quarter, but thinner, and the supporting circuits and software. That additional expense could be made up for in lower warranty costs related to worn, corroded, or broken contacts on existing cables and connectors.

Fulton lists a number of partners hoping to apply the new technology, including German tool maker Bosch and office furniture maker Herman Miller, and notes some companies are already offering products that use it, including PC maker Lenovo.

Baarman said that other partners' names aren't being disclosed due to confidentiality agreements, although he recently demonstrated prototypes of devices using wireless charging ranging from a George Foreman Grill to Apple's iPhone.

Apple does not comment on unannounced products.