Apple patents smart navigation routing with crowd-sourced stop light pattern recognition

According to Apple's U.S. Patent No. 8,793,062 for "Routing based on detected stops," the system collects and analyzes traffic data from mobile devices like iPhones to determine the location and operating pattern of stop signs and stop lights. The information, which is more accurate than conventional traffic monitoring methods, can then be used to create faster routes and even for departure time suggestions.

In some embodiments, the invention relies on an iPhone's GPS module to determine when a user is likely in a moving vehicle. Correlating the GPS positioning data with information from the onboard accelerometer and system clock, the device is able to determine the location and time spent at stop signs and stop lights. The data package is sent to an offsite server in real-time or near real-time for pattern analysis.

For example, multiple iPhones send traffic information up to the server, which correlates the stop sign/stop light data based on location and time to find congested areas. Users' devices may also save collected traffic data for upload at a later time, while the server keeps track of a location's history.

To determine whether a vehicle is stopped at a stop sign or stop light, the system analyzes movement as a function of time. For example, a series of short stops followed by short movements and ending with a considerably long-distance movement of would describe the "stop-and-go" pattern experienced at a stop sign.

Alternatively, the location and pattern of a stop light may be determined by lumping together data from multiple vehicles that stop in close proximity to a known intersection for a long duration of time, then move through the intersection all at once. This embodiment also allows for analysis and tracking of stop light patterns, which can help in creating an effective navigation route.

After aggregation and processing, collected stop sign/stop light information can be pushed to a device or devices running a navigation app, like Apple's Maps. Stop signs, stop lights, accidents and other points of interest can be displayed graphically on a map, each being selectable for retrieving historical site data and other information.

In some embodiments, the data is also used to inform users of expected or real-time delays. Much like the current Maps app implementation of live traffic overlays for select roads and highways, the patented system shows a particular stop light as green, yellow or red depending on historical and real-time delay information. Users can also check an intersection's performance by time of day, allowing for informed departure times.

On that point, Apple's solution is also able to suggest departure times for a given route by calculating the number and effects of stop signs/stop lights along the way. Armed with adequate data, the server can predict distance, speed and stop sign/stop light delays a user is likely to encounter based on a specified departure time. According to the document, a driver may experience a continuous or near-continuous drive to the destination location when using the invention.

The remainder of Apple's patent describes secondary features like accident and stop light malfunction recognition, as well as a more detailed description of the time and movement thresholds required for accurate stop sign/stop light recognition.

It is unclear if Apple intends to apply the technology to its Maps app in the future, though initial betas of the upcoming iOS 8 do not support such granular traffic pattern analysis. Existing solutions similar to Apple's patent include popular crowd-sourced mapping and navigation app Waze, which was purchased by Google in 2013.

Apple's stop light/stop sign-based traffic analysis and routing patent was first filed for in 2012 and credits Jorge S. Fino as its inventor.